Hanging - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The execution of Henry Wirz in 1. U. S. Capitol, moments after the trap door was sprung. Hanging is the suspension of a person by a noose or ligature around the neck. Hanging has been a common method of capital punishment since medieval times, and is the official execution method in numerous countries and regions. The first account of execution by hanging was in Homer's Odyssey. Partial suspension or partial weight- bearing on the ligature is sometimes used, particularly in prisons, mental hospitals or other institutions, where full suspension support is difficult to devise, because high ligature points (e. Marriage doesn’t always work out. For Tom and Sarah Wilford, it really didn’t work out: within a week Tom had stabbed Sarah to death. Since he didn’t do this in Chicago in 2016, he didn’t have the ACLU to run. A method of execution whereby the person is dropped and suspended from a rope around the neck. Hanging definition, the act, an instance, or the form of capital punishment carried out by suspending one by the neck from a gallows, gibbet, or the like, until dead. Full execution Caught on Video leaked on a 3gp camera cell phone, see the ex-dictator, Saddam Hussein, hanging lifeless in this footage. Methods of judicial hanging. A mechanised form of hanging, the upright jerker, was also experimented with in the 1. Iran. Suspension. Prisoners are reported to have little or no struggle before they go limp because their jugular vein and carotid arteries are blocked and blood flow to the brain is reduced. However, the person slowly dies of strangulation, which typically takes between ten and twenty minutes, resulting in a considerably more elongated and painful death as compared to the standard or long drop hanging. The object is then moved away, leaving the person dangling from the rope. A ladder was also commonly used with the condemned being forced to ascend, after which the noose was tied and the ladder pulled away or turned, leaving the condemned hanging. The guards at the Stutthof concentration camp who were sentenced to death were executed by short- drop hanging. Before 1. 85. 0, the short drop was the standard method for hanging, and is still common in suicides and extrajudicial hangings (such as lynchings and summary executions) which do not benefit from the specialized equipment and drop- length calculation tables used by the newer methods. A short drop variant is the Austro- Hungarian . Immediately, its use spread to English- speaking countries and those where judicial systems had an English origin. It was considered a humane improvement on the short drop because it was intended to be enough to break the person's neck, causing immediate paralysis and immobilization (and probable immediate unconsciousness). This method was used to execute condemned Nazis under United States jurisdiction after the Nuremberg Trials including Joachim von Ribbentrop and Ernst Kaltenbrunner. Some myths and facts surrounding execution by hanging. Many myths and part truths have grown over the centuries about hanging and this article tries to separate these from the known facts. Hanging is a slow and painful death. Warning - Item Public Execution in Iran might contain content that is not suitable for all ages. By clicking on CONTINUE you confirm that you are 18 years and over. Note: to turn off these warnings you need to set the 'safe. How Hanging Kills the Victim - Long-drop hanging is the most human method of hanging because the victim looses consciousness quickly. Learn about the long-drop hanging execution method. Hanging is the suspension of a person by a noose or ligature around the neck. The first account of execution by hanging was in Homer's Odyssey. Many reports and pictures exi. Find the perfect Hanging Gallows. Death by hanging can be one of the fastest and most painless methods of execution. Read about death by hanging and find out how death by hanging works. Types of Punishment - Hanging. Hanging Platform - Short Drop. Hanging was the most severe punishment for serious offences. It was a common punishment. What crimes carried this sentence? During the 18th century. The rope quivered for a time, then stood tautly straight. Instead of everyone falling the same standard distance, the person's height and weight. The careful placement of the eye or knot of the noose (so that the head was jerked back as the rope tightened) contributed to breaking the neck. Prior to 1. 89. 2, the drop was between four and ten feet (about one to three metres), depending on the weight of the body, and was calculated to deliver a force of 1,2. However, this force resulted in some decapitations, such as the infamous case of Black Jack Ketchum in New Mexico Territory in 1. Between 1. 89. 2 and 1. After 1. 91. 3, other factors were also taken into account, and the force delivered was reduced to about 1,0. N or 4. 50 kgf). The decapitation of Eva Dugan during a botched hanging in 1. Arizona to switch to the gas chamber as its primary execution method, on the grounds that it was believed more humane. The materials necessary for suicide by hanging are readily available to the average person, compared with firearms or poisons. Full suspension is not required, and for this reason, hanging is especially commonplace among suicidal prisoners (see suicide watch). A type of hanging comparable to full suspension hanging may be obtained by self- strangulation using a ligature around the neck and the partial weight of the body (partial suspension) to tighten the ligature. When a suicidal hanging involves partial suspension the deceased is found to have both feet touching the ground, e. In Canada, hanging is the most common method of suicide. Note the loss of grey white matter differentiation and small ventricles due to brain swelling. A hanging may induce one or more of the following medical conditions, some leading to death: The cause of death in hanging depends on the conditions related to the event. When the body is released from a relatively high position, the major cause of death is severe trauma to the upper cervical spine. However, the injuries produced are highly variable. One study showed that only a small minority of a series of judicial hangings produced fractures to the cervical spine (6 out of 3. Consider in particular an event recounted in the biography of Albert Pierrepoint. Pierrepoint relates: Just as I was crossing to the lever, he jumped with bound feet. The drop opened, and he plunged down, and I saw with horror that the noose was slipping. It would have come right over his head had it not caught roughly at a point halfway up the hood . I went down into the pit with the prison medical officer. He examined the body and said to me: . I was surprised myself, and very relieved. On my next visit to Wandsworth the governor told me that the severance of the spinal cord had been perfect. Not surprisingly in retrospect, it appears that such unconventional application of forces might be particularly efficient. There is at least some evidence that some of the countries with particularly active programs of judicial execution may have given the question of the design of efficient and reliable nooses practical attention. For example, photographs of nooses in a South African execution chamber opened to the public after abolishment of the death penalty showed double nooses. The possibly more elegant English technique, with a single running noose, might well have been too error- prone to be satisfactorily reliable in any but highly skilled hands. If so, the likes of the double noose might have much merit. The side, or subaural knot, has been shown to produce other, more complex injuries, with one thoroughly studied case producing only ligamentous injuries to the cervical spine and bilateral vertebral artery disruptions, but no major vertebral fractures or crush injuries to the spinal cord. Hangman's fractures from other hyperextension injuries (the most common being unrestrained motor vehicle accidents and falls or diving injuries where the face or chin suddenly strike an immovable object) are frequently survivable if the applied force does not cause a severe subluxation of C2 on C3. John Ogilvie, who in 1. Catholic faith and convert to Protestantism. Another process that has been suggested is carotid sinus reflex death. By this theory, the mechanical stimulation of the carotid sinus in the neck brings on terminal cardiac arrest. In the absence of fracture and dislocation, occlusion of blood vessels becomes the major cause of death, rather than asphyxiation. Obstruction of venous drainage of the brain via occlusion of the internal jugular veins leads to cerebral edema and then cerebral ischemia. The face will typically become engorged and cyanotic (turned blue through lack of oxygen). There will be the classic sign of strangulation, petechiae, little blood marks on the face and in the eyes from burst blood capillaries. The tongue may protrude. Compromise of the cerebral blood flow may occur by obstruction of the carotid arteries, even though their obstruction requires far more force than the obstruction of jugular veins, since they are seated deeper and they contain blood in much higher pressure compared to the jugular veins. Only 3. 1 newtons (7 lbf or 3. Many reports and pictures exist of actual short- drop hangings that seem to show that the person died quickly, while others indicate a slow and agonizing death by strangulation. The time of death in such cases is a matter of convention. In judicial hangings, death is pronounced at cardiac arrest, which may occur at times from several minutes up to 1. During suspension, once the prisoner has lapsed into unconsciousness, rippling movements of the body and limbs may occur for some time which are usually attributed to nervous and muscular reflexes. In Britain, it was normal to leave the body suspended for an hour to ensure death. After death, the body typically shows marks of suspension: bruising and rope marks on the neck. Moreover, sphincters will relax spontaneously and urine and faeces will be evacuated. Forensic experts may often be able to tell if hanging is suicide or homicide, as each leaves a distinctive ligature mark. One of the hints they use is the hyoid bone. If broken, it often means the person has been murdered by manual choking. Notable references by country (political). During the 1. 9th century, there were about 8. Australia for these crimes. Death by hanging was the customary method of capital punishment in Brazil throughout its history. Some important national heroes like Tiradentes (1. The last man executed in Brazil was the slave Francisco, in 1. The death penalty was abolished for all crimes, except for those committed under extraordinary circumstances such as war or military law, in 1. Every year since Bulgaria's liberation, thousands come with flowers on the date of his death, February 1. The last execution was in 1. The death penalty was restricted to apply only for certain offences to the National Defence Act in 1. The most commonly sentenced were partisans and black marketeers, whose bodies were usually left hanging for long periods of time. There are also numerous reports of concentration camp inmates being hanged. Hanging was continued in post- war Germany in the British and US Occupation Zones under their jurisdiction, and for Nazi war criminals, until well after (western) Germany itself had abolished the death penalty by the German constitution as adopted in 1. West Berlin was not subject to the Grundgesetz (Basic Law) and abolished the death penalty in 1. The German Democratic Republic did not abolish the death penalty until 1. The last execution ordered by a West German court was carried out by guillotine in Moabit prison in 1.
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